Comparison of Gastric Volume in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Pregnant Women After Preoperative Clear Fluid Intake

This study focuses on understanding how drinking clear fluids before surgery might affect the stomach in pregnant women, particularly those with diabetes. The fear is that the liquid might not empty from the stomach quickly enough, leading to complications during anesthesia. Pregnancy itself can slow down stomach emptying, and diabetes might worsen this due to a condition called gastroparesis. The study aims to compare how much liquid remains in the stomach of diabetic and non-diabetic pregnant women after drinking water following standard fasting guidelines. This research is important as it could help improve the safety of anesthesia for pregnant women, especially those with diabetes. In this study, 70 pregnant women scheduled for elective cesarean delivery will participate, half of them with diabetes. All participants will drink 200 ml of water two hours before surgery. Ultrasound scans of the stomach will be taken before and after drinking the water. The scans will help determine the amount of liquid in the stomach and its consistency. The primary goal is to compare the stomach volume between diabetic and non-diabetic pregnant women. The study will also assess the risk of liquid entering the lungs during anesthesia, which is defined as a stomach volume greater than 1.5 ml/kg.