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Core Stability Exercises for Flexible Flat Feet in Adults

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What is being tested

Core stability exercises and Short foot exercises

+ Conventional foot exercises and short foot exercises

Other
Who is being recruted

Congenital Abnormalities+8

+ Talipes

+ Flatfoot

From 18 to 30 Years
+13 Eligibility Criteria
See all eligibility criteria
How is the trial designed

Treatment Study

Interventional
Study Start: October 2024
See protocol details

Summary

Principal SponsorInternational Islamic University Malaysia
Study ContactShahid M Dar, MPTMore contacts
Last updated: January 28, 2026
Sourced from a government-validated database.Claim as a partner

Study start date: October 15, 2024

Actual date on which the first participant was enrolled.

This study aims to explore the impact of core stability exercises on foot posture, function, and lower limb alignment in adults aged 18 to 40 with flexible flat feet. Conducted at the International Islamic University Malaysia, the research seeks to identify specific exercises that can improve these physical attributes. Flexible flat feet can cause discomfort and affect overall mobility, so finding effective treatments is important for enhancing quality of life. By understanding how core stability can influence foot and leg alignment, the study could offer new insights into managing flat feet conditions. Participants with flat feet from the Kuantan community are randomly divided into two groups: one receiving core stability exercises and the other undergoing traditional foot exercises. The core stability exercises include movements like curl-ups and planks, performed over six weeks in three phases. Each phase progressively increases the duration or repetitions of exercises, with sessions conducted three times weekly. The study measures changes in foot posture and function, as well as lower limb alignment and muscle endurance, before and after the exercise program. Feedback from participants will help refine the exercise protocol for future studies.

Official TitleIdentification of Exercise Components of Core Stability and Their Effectiveness on Foot Posture, Foot Function, and Lower Limb Alignment in Adults With Flexible Flat Feet
NCT06567509
Principal SponsorInternational Islamic University Malaysia
Study ContactShahid M Dar, MPTMore contacts
Last updated: January 28, 2026
Sourced from a government-validated database.Claim as a partner

Protocol

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
Design Details

20 patients to be enrolled

Total number of participants that the clinical trial aims to recruit.

Treatment Study

These studies test new ways to treat a disease, condition, or health issue. The goal is to see if a new drug, therapy, or approach works better or has fewer side effects than existing options.

Eligibility

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria: person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Conditions
Criteria

Any sex

Biological sex of participants that are eligible to enroll.

From 18 to 30 Years

Range of ages for which participants are eligible to join.

Healthy volunteers not allowed

If individuals who are healthy and do not have the condition being studied can participate.

Conditions

Pathology

Congenital AbnormalitiesTalipesFlatfootFoot DeformitiesFoot Deformities, AcquiredFoot Deformities, CongenitalMusculoskeletal AbnormalitiesMusculoskeletal DiseasesCongenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and AbnormalitiesLimb Deformities, CongenitalLower Extremity Deformities, Congenital

Criteria

6 inclusion criteria required to participate
Subjects of age group 18 to 30 years.
Both males and females.
No recent history of lower limb injuries.
Subjects with bilateral flexible flat feet as per the definition.
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7 exclusion criteria prevent from participating
Rigid flat foot
Subject who are involved in a specific sport at least 2 h /day and 3 times a week regularly.
History of arthritic symptoms of lower limb joints.
History of any ligament or tendon injuries around ankle, knee, or hip joint.
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Study Plan

Find out more about all the medication administered in this study, their detailed description and what they involve.
Treatment Groups
Study Objectives

4 intervention groups are designated in this study

This study does not include a placebo group 

Treatment Groups

Group I

Experimental
Phase 1: 1. Cross Curl 15 rept × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 2. Bridges with leg lifts 20 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets Side bridges (left and right) 20 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 3. Planks on feet 20 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 4. Quadripedal stance. 20 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 5. Bicycles 15 rept × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets Phase 2: 1. Cross Curl ups 20 rept × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 2. Bridges with leg lifts 30 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets Side bridges (left and right) 30 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 3. Planks on feet 30 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 4. Quadripedal stance 30 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 5. Bicycles 20 rept × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets

Group II

Experimental
Phase 1: 1. Cross Curl 15 rept × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 2. Bridges with leg lifts 20 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets Side bridges (left and right) 20 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 3. Planks on feet 20 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 4. Quadripedal stance. 20 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 5. Bicycles 15 rept × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets Phase 2: 1. Cross Curl ups 20 rept × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 2. Bridges with leg lifts 30 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets Side bridges (left and right) 30 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 3. Planks on feet 30 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 4. Quadripedal stance 30 sec hold × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets 5. Bicycles 20 rept × 3 times 120 sec rest between the sets

Group III

Conventional foot exercises for control group (3 times weekly for 6 weeks) A. Warm up: Active ROM exercise (Knee and hip flexion) 10 repetitions × 2 sets) B. Training: * Active dorsiflexion exercises in long sitting (10 sec hold × 15 repetitions ×2 sets) * Active plantarflexion exercises in long sitting (10 sec hold × 15 repetitions ×2 sets) * Active inversion exercises in long sitting (10 sec hold × 15 repetitions ×2 sets) * Active eversion exercises in long sitting (10 sec hold × 15 repetitions ×2 sets) C. Cool down: • Calf stretches in long sitting for 10 sec hold × 3 sets.

Group IV

Conventional foot exercises for control group (3 times weekly for 6 weeks) A. Warm up: Active ROM exercise (Knee and hip flexion) 10 repetitions × 2 sets) B. Training: * Active dorsiflexion exercises in long sitting (10 sec hold × 15 repetitions ×2 sets) * Active plantarflexion exercises in long sitting (10 sec hold × 15 repetitions ×2 sets) * Active inversion exercises in long sitting (10 sec hold × 15 repetitions ×2 sets) * Active eversion exercises in long sitting (10 sec hold × 15 repetitions ×2 sets) C. Cool down: • Calf stretches in long sitting for 10 sec hold × 3 sets.

Study Objectives

Primary Objectives

Secondary Objectives

Study Centers

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