Ceftolozane/Tazobactam vs. Piperacillin/Tazobactam for the Treatment of Bacteremia Due to Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Hemato-oncological Patients With Severe Neutropenia and Fever: Non-inferiority Study

This clinical trial aims to determine if two antibiotics, ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) and piperacillin/tazobactam (P/T), work equally well in treating serious infections caused by specific bacteria in patients with blood cancers who have a very low number of white blood cells and a fever. These patients are often at risk of getting infections from bacteria that are resistant to many drugs. Using C/T, an antibiotic approved for other serious infections, could help reduce the need for other powerful antibiotics that might contribute to resistance. This study is important because it could provide a new option for treating infections in these vulnerable patients, potentially improving their outcomes and managing antibiotic resistance better. Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to receive either the C/T or P/T antibiotic treatment. Medical staff will take blood samples to check for bacterial infections before starting the treatment. The response to the treatment will be assessed by checking if the participants survive, if their fever goes away, and if the bacteria are cleared from their blood within three to four days. Treatment will continue for at least five to seven days, depending on the bacteria found. If the initial treatment doesn’t work or if the patient's condition worsens, doctors will consider changing the treatment. Participants will be monitored closely for any side effects like diarrhea and will be followed up for 30 days after starting the treatment to ensure their health status is recorded accurately.