Neuromodulation of Spinal Circuits: Effects on Spasticity, Nociception, and Motor Activation (Phase II)

This study is exploring a treatment method called transcutaneous spinal stimulation (TSS) to help people with spasticity, which is a condition where muscles are continuously contracted, causing stiffness or tightness. TSS is a noninvasive approach that involves applying electrical stimulation on the skin over the lower back and stomach. This method has been found to reduce muscle tightness without the side effects that often accompany drug therapies. However, the ideal frequency of electrical pulses for the most effective results is still unknown. This study aims to find out which frequency works best by comparing three different ones, with the hope of improving treatment for those with spasticity and possibly reducing related pain and improving muscle strength. Participants in the study will undergo a session where their levels of muscle stiffness, strength, and pain are measured before and after receiving 30 minutes of TSS. The stimulation involves electrical pulses delivered through the skin, which is painless and does not require any surgical procedures. Researchers will evaluate the effects of different frequencies of electrical pulses on the nerves to determine their impact on reducing spasticity, alleviating pain, and enhancing muscle function. This study is important because it could lead to a more effective, non-drug treatment option for people dealing with these symptoms.