A Phase 1 Study of the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Radiologic Distribution of Ascending Single-Dose Radiolabeled MORAb-028 in Subjects With Metastatic Melanoma

Melanoma is a serious form of skin cancer. If untreated, the melanoma can spread beyond the original affected tissue and invade distant tissue and organs. Treatment for metastatic melanoma includes medical treatments (chemotherapy or immunotherapy), surgery, or radiation therapy. MORAb-028 is a recombinant human immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody that recognizes a cell surface diacyl ganglioside named disialoganglioside (GD2). GD2 is overexpressed in tumors of neuro-ectodermal origin such as melanomas, neuroblastomas, small-cell lung carcinomas, and many sarcomas, while absent in most normal tissues. GD2 expression has been demonstrated in human melanoma and small cell lung cancer by thin layer chromatography and radiolabeled anti-GD2 antibody detection. It is hypothesized that one mode of action of MORAb-028 is complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Complement-dependent cytotoxicity is a mechanism for killing tumor cells in which an antibody bound to the target cell surface fixes complement, which results in assembly of the complement membrane attack complex that punches holes in the target cell membrane resulting in subsequent cell lysis. IgMs strongly bind to C1Q and robustly activate complement-dependent cytotoxicity. MORAb-028 is being developed as a potential therapy for GD2-positive tumors.