Completed

An Open Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of PANVAC-V (Vaccinia) and PANVAC-F (Fowlpox) in Combination With Sargramostim in Adults With Metastatic Carcinoma

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What is being tested

PANVAC-V

+ PANVAC-F
+ Sargramostim (GM-CSF, Leukine)
Biological
Drug
Who is being recruted

Adenocarcinoma
+2

+ Carcinoma
+ Neoplasms
From 18 to 100 Years
See all eligibility criteria
How is the trial designed

Treatment Study

Phase 1 & 2
Interventional
Study Start: July 2004
See protocol details

Summary

Principal SponsorNational Cancer Institute (NCI)
Last updated: January 13, 2026
Sourced from a government-validated database.Claim as a partner
Study start date: July 21, 2004Actual date on which the first participant was enrolled.

Background: * Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1) are overexpressed in multiple adenocarcinomas. * Pox viral vectors can induce a strong immune response to CEA and MUC-1. * The use of agonist epitopes within the tumor associated antigen (TAA) can induce a better immune response than native peptides and have been associated with clinical responses * Heterologous prime and boost regimens are superior in terms of generalizing immune responses; and this may translate into improved clinical responses * The use of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) does not add significant toxicity and in pre-clinical models is essential for induction for optimal immune responses. * It is possible by using vectors directed against TAA that there may be additive or synergistic immune responses and this may be important in overcoming antigenic escape variance * Evidence of clinical benefit has been noted in some patients treated with this vaccine Objectives: * For colorectal cancer and non-colorectal cancer Cohort: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of the vaccine. * For the Ovarian Cancer and Breast Cancer Cohorts: To evaluate clinical response to the vaccine. Eligibility: * In the first cohort (colorectal and non-colorectal cancer), histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma that is CEA or MUC-1 positive described as metastatic disease (measurable or evaluable) or metastatic disease documented by biopsy but not evaluable by imaging (e.g. small volume peritoneal disease) * For the ovarian and breast cancer cohorts, patients must have evaluable disease * Normal organ function, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0-1 Design: * This is a non-randomized three cohort, pilot trial of pox viral vaccines that contain the transgenes for CEA and MUC-1 (both with modified human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2) agonist epitopes) as well as 3 human T-cell costimulatory molecules, B7-1, ICAM-1 (CD54), and LFA-3 (CD58) \[PANVAC(TM)-V (vaccinia) and PANVAC(TM)-F (fowlpox)\] in patients with metastatic carcinoma that express CEA or MUC-1 antigen. * The first cohort will enroll 10 patients with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma and 10-15 patients with any metastatic non-colorectal carcinoma that expresses either CEA or MUC-1. . * The second cohort will enroll 12 patients with metastatic breast carcinoma and 14 patients with metastatic ovarian carcinoma. * All patients will receive the same vaccines on the same schedule. PANVAC(TM)-V (vaccinia) subcutaneously (s.c.) scheduled on day 1, followed by PANVAC(TM)-F (fowlpox) s.c. scheduled on days 15, 29, and 43 then every 28 days for up to 12 vaccines followed by every 3 months until disease progression or toxicity. * Sargramostim (100 micro g) will be given at the site of the vaccination (PANVAC-V and PANVAC-F) on each vaccination day and for three consecutive days thereafter. * Patients who have radiographic evidence of progressive disease, but who are otherwise clinically stable may revert back to monthly vaccinations.

Official TitleAn Open Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of PANVAC-V (Vaccinia) and PANVAC-F (Fowlpox) in Combination With Sargramostim in Adults With Metastatic Carcinoma 
NCT00091000NCT00088413
Principal SponsorNational Cancer Institute (NCI)
Last updated: January 13, 2026
Sourced from a government-validated database.Claim as a partner

Protocol

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
Design Details
51 patients to be enrolledTotal number of participants that the clinical trial aims to recruit.
Treatment Study
These studies test new ways to treat a disease, condition, or health issue. The goal is to see if a new drug, therapy, or approach works better or has fewer side effects than existing options.

How treatments are given to participants
Participants receive treatments one after another in a pre-planned sequence. The next treatment may depend on how the participant responds to the previous one.

Other Ways to Assign Treatments
Single-group assignment
: Everyone gets the same treatment.

Parallel assignment
: Participants are split into separate groups, each receiving a different treatment.

Cross-over assignment
: Participants switch between treatments during the study.

Factorial assignment
: Participants receive different combinations of treatments.

Other assignment
: Treatment assignment does not follow a standard or predefined design.

How the effectiveness of the treatment is controlled
In a non placebo-controlled study, no participants receive an inert substance (placebo) to compare outcomes. Instead, all participants receive either the experimental treatment or an alternative treatment (often the Standard of Care). This method allows researchers to compare the effects of the experimental treatment with those of a different active intervention, rather than a placebo.

Other Options
Placebo-Controlled
: A placebo is used to compare the effects of the experimental treatment with those of an inert substance, isolating the true treatment effect.

How the interventions assigned to participants is kept confidential
Everyone involved in the study knows which treatment is being given. This is typically used when it's not possible or necessary to hide the treatment details from participants or researchers.

Other Ways to Mask Information
Single-blind
: Participants do not know which treatment they are receiving, but researchers do.

Double-blind
: Neither participants nor researchers know which treatment is given.

Triple-blind
: Participants, researchers, and outcome assessors do not know which treatment is given.

Quadruple-blind
: Participants, researchers, outcome assessors, and care providers all do not know which treatment is given.

Eligibility

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria: person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Conditions
Criteria
Any sexBiological sex of participants that are eligible to enroll.
From 18 to 100 YearsRange of ages for which participants are eligible to join.
Healthy volunteers not allowedIf individuals who are healthy and do not have the condition being studied can participate.
Conditions
Pathology
Adenocarcinoma
Carcinoma
Neoplasms
Neoplasms by Histologic Type
Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial
Criteria

* INCLUSION CRITERIA: A. Histologically confirmed carcinoma that for patients in the first cohort (colorectal and non-colorectal cancer) is carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or mucin-1 (MUC-1) positive. Tumor that has been shown to express CEA or MUC-1 (greater than or equal to 20 % of cells) by immunohistochemical techniques or patients that have had an elevated serum CEA (greater than 5 microgram/L) at any point during their disease course. For patients in the ovarian and breast cancer cohorts, as greater than 95% of these express MUC-1 or CEA, we will not require staining prior to coming onto trial. B. Patients must have completed at least one fluorouracil (5-FU) containing chemotherapy regimen (e.g. 5-FU/leucovorin (LV) with or without either irinotecan or oxaliplatin) for the colorectal cancer arm, or either failed or not be a candidate for therapy of proven efficacy for non-colorectal, breast, or ovarian cancer. C. 18 years of age or greater. D. All patients enrolled on the colorectal/non-colorectal cohort with colorectal adenocarcinoma cohort must be human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2) positive. E. At least 10 patients enrolled on the colorectal/non-colorectal cohort with non-colorectal adenocarcinoma cohort must be HLA-A2 positive. F. Patients in the breast cohort and the ovarian cohorts are not required to be HLA-A2 positive. G. For the colorectal and non-colorectal cancer cohort, patients will be required to have: metastatic disease (measurable or evaluable), metastatic disease documented by biopsy but not evaluable by imaging (e.g. small volume peritoneal disease), and patients with surgically resected metastatic disease at high risk of relapse. For the ovarian cohort and the breast cancer cohort, patients will be required to have evaluable disease. H. Able to understand and give informed consent. I. Able to avoid close household contact (close household contacts are those who share housing or have close physical contact) for at least three weeks after recombinant vaccinia vaccination with persons with active or a history of eczema or other eczematoid skin disorders; those with other acute, chronic or exfoliative skin conditions (e.g., atopic dermatitis, burns, impetigo, varicella zoster, severe acne, or other open rashes or wounds) until condition resolves; pregnant or nursing women; children 3 years of age and under; and immunodeficient or immunosuppressed persons (by disease or therapy), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. J. Eastern Oncology Cooperative Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 - 1. K. Serum creatinine not above the institution limits of normal, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) less than or equal to twice the upper limits of normal OR creatinine clearance on a 24 hour urine collection of greater than or equal to 60 mL/min. L. Total bilirubin within the institution limits of normal OR patients with Gilbert's syndrome, a total bilirubin less than or equal to 3.0 M. Recovered completely from any reversible toxicity associated with recent therapy. Typically this is 3-4 weeks for patients who most recently received cytotoxic therapy except for the nitrosoureas and mitomycin C for which 6 weeks is needed for recovery. N. Hematological eligibility parameters (within 16 days of starting therapy): * Granulocyte count greater than or equal to 1,500/mm(3) * Platelet count greater than or equal to 100,000/mm(3) * Hemoglobin (Hgb) greater than or equal to 10 Gm/dL O. Prior immune therapy with related vaccinia and fowlpox vaccines or antigen-specific peptides is allowed. P. Men and women must agree to use effective birth control or abstinence during and for a period of 4 months after the last vaccination therapy. Q. Patients with prostate cancer must continue to receive gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist therapy (unless orchiectomy has been done). R. Patients should appear clinically stable (in the opinion of the principal investigator) to complete the full 3 month course of vaccination with an anticipated survival of 6 months or longer. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: A. Patients should have no evidence of being immunocompromised as listed below. * Human immunodeficiency virus positivity due to the potential for decreased tolerance and risk for severe side effects * Active autoimmune diseases requiring treatment or a history of autoimmune disease that might be stimulated by vaccine treatment. This requirement is due to the potential risks of exacerbating autoimmunity. Patients with endocrine disease that is controlled by replacement therapy including thyroid disease and adrenal disease and vitiligo may be enrolled. B. Concurrent use of systemic steroids, except for physiologic doses for systemic steroid replacement or local (topical, nasal, or inhaled) steroid use. Limited doses systemic steroids to prevent intravenous (IV) contrast, allergic reaction, or anaphylaxis (in patients who have known contrast allergies) are allowed. C. History of allergy or untoward reaction to prior vaccination with vaccinia virus. D. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. E. Altered immune function, including immunodeficiency or history of immunodeficiency; eczema; history of eczema, or other eczematoid skin disorders; or those with acute, chronic or exfoliative skin conditions (e.g. atopic dermatitis, burns, impetigo, varicella zoster, severe acne, or other open rashes or wounds). F. Serious intercurrent medical illness which would interfere with the ability of the patient to carry out the treatment program, including, but not limited to, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or active diverticulitis G. Patients with a history of cardiomyopathy or symptomatic congestive heart failure (unless stable on treatment), symptomatic arrhythmia not controlled by medication. Unstable atherosclerotic heart disease (e.g. unstable angina) who require active intervention and history of myocardial infarction or embolic stroke within the past 6 months. H. Clinically active brain metastasis, or a history of encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, or seizures within the last year (from seizure disorder or brain metastasis). I. Medical conditions, which, in the opinion of the investigators would jeopardize the patient or the integrity of the data obtained. J. Concurrent chemotherapy; an exception to this is to allow for patients with breast cancer who are receiving trastuzumab, to continue therapy with trastuzumab while receiving the vaccine treatment. K. Serious hypersensitivity reaction to egg products. L. Clinically significant cardiomyopathy requiring treatment. M. Chronic hepatitis infection, including B and C, because of potential immune impairment. N. Although topical steroids are allowed, steroid eye drop are contraindicated. O. Cardiac complications, including recent myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident within one year, and/or unstable or uncontrolled angina.


Study Plan

Find out more about all the medication administered in this study, their detailed description and what they involve.
Treatment Groups
Study Objectives
One single intervention group 

is designated in this study

This study does not include a placebo group 

Treatment Groups
Group I
Experimental
All cohorts receive the same intervention (Cohort 1: Colorectal arm, non-colorectal cancers; Cohort 2: breast cancer; Cohort 3: ovarian cancers)

Patients receive 2 x 10(8) pfu PANVAC-V (vaccinia) subcutaneously on Day 1.

Patients receive 1 x 10(9) pfu PANVAC-F (fowlpox) or about days 15, 29, and 43 then every month for 12 doses then every 3 months until disease progression or toxicity.

100g sargramostim will be given subcutaneously at the site of the vaccination on each vaccination day and for three consecutive days thereafter.
Study Objectives
Primary Objectives

Response was assessed by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Complete Response is disappearance of all clinical and laboratory signs and symptoms of disease for a minimum of 4 weeks during which no new lesions may appear. Partial Response is a minimum of 30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum longest diameter. Stable disease is neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for partial response nor progressive disease, taking as reference the smallest sum longest diameter since the treatment started. Progressive disease is a minimum of 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum longest diameter recorded since the treatment started or the appearance of one or more new measurable lesions.

Grade 1 (mild) and Grade 2 (moderate) adverse events were assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria in Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0 if reported prior to August 1, 2010 and CTCAE v4.0 if reported after. A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence. A serious adverse event is an adverse event or suspected adverse reaction that results in death, a life threatening adverse drug experience, hospitalization, disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, congenital anomaly/birth defect or important medical events that jeopardize the patient or subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the previous outcomes mentioned.
Secondary Objectives

Vaccines were administered to participants and Grade 1 (mild) and Grade 2 (moderate) adverse events were assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria in Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0 if reported prior to August 1, 2010 and CTCAE v4.0 if reported after. Common Terminology Criteria in Adverse Events. A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence. A serious adverse event is an adverse event or suspected adverse reaction that results in death, a life threatening adverse drug experience, hospitalization, disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, congenital anomaly/birth defect or important medical events that jeopardize the patient or subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the previous outcomes mentioned.

Here is the count of participants with serious and non-serious adverse events assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria in Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0 if reported prior to August 1, 2010 and CTCAE v4.0 if reported after. A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence. A serious adverse event is an adverse event or suspected adverse reaction that results in death, a life threatening adverse drug experience, hospitalization, disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, congenital anomaly/birth defect or important medical events that jeopardize the patient or subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the previous outcomes mentioned.

Immune response in human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-A2 positive patients to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) analysis. A positive immune response was defined as a \>2x fold increase in the number of interferon gamma producing cells.

Immune response in human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-A2 positive patients to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) analysis. A positive immune response was defined as a \>2x fold increase in the number of interferon gamma producing cells.

Study Centers

These are the hospitals, clinics, or research facilities where the trial is being conducted. You can find the location closest to you and its status.
This study has 1 location
Suspended
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville PikeBethesda, United StatesSee the location

CompletedOne Study Center
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