OBJECTIVES: This is the first multi-center, multi-national study of children with stroke. It seeks to build a network of investigators and high-quality disease dataset to enable population-based studies, natural history studies, and clinical trials to improve the care of children with stroke. STUDY POPULATION: Infants and children with ischemic stroke (arterial ischemic stroke and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis), hemorrhagic stroke or those at high risk (e.g. arteriopathies like moyamoya). DESIGN: This study includes a data collection component and collaborative process. Our network of over 150 investigators prospectively collect data on neonates or children with a diagnosis of stroke made after January 2003. Data on stroke diagnosis, etiology, treatment and outcomes are collected and entered into a secure web system, REDCap. Neuro-imaging data from the index event and a series of follow-up time points are captured and stored in the SILC-IPSS data repository. OUTCOME MEASURES: This study will quantify outcome event rates (initial stroke characteristics, recurrent stroke, mortality, neurologic deficits), which can be used in designing future intervention studies and determining sample sizes. Analysis will be primarily descriptive. Participating investigators submit investigator-initiated research proposals or grants with a specific focus, leveraging the clinical and imaging dataset.
Inclusion Criteria: This registry will include all children from birth to 18 years of age who are diagnosed with stroke or a condition/disease (as defined below) that put them at high risk of stroke after Jan 1,2003 at one of the IPSS participating sites. This registry will include children diagnosed with below stroke types: * Arterial Ischemic Stroke (AIS), * Cerebral Sinovenous Thrombosis (CSVT), * AIS and CSVT * Presume Preinatal Ischemic Stroke (PPIS) * Children diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke Children at high risk of stroke include: * Those diagnosed with arteriopathy, arteritis/vasculitis, moyamoya, dissection, sickle cell related infarcts). * Brain arteriovenous malformations Exclusion Criteria: * Premature children diagnosed with AIS. * Premature children diagnosed with PPIS * Children diagnosed with TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack) * Brain hemorrhage secondary to trauma * Refusal to provide consent for participation