This is a Multicenter, open label, randomized study comparing TransMID™ with a chemotherapeutic regimen considered to be best standard of care and consisting of either nitrosoureas, platinum compounds, temozolomide, procarbazine, PCV, (procarbazine, lomustine (CCNU) \& vincristine), CPT-11, or Etoposide. A planned interim analysis of the primary efficacy endpoint will be conducted after approximately 50% of the required events have been observed. In order for a patient to be eligible for enrollment into this trial, he/she must be diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme which has been confirmed histologically and have undergone conventional treatment, including surgery (biopsy or debulking) and/or radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy, have a recurrent and/or progressive tumor ≥1.0 cm and ≤4.0 cm in diameter.
Inclusion Criteria: 1) Male or female at least 18 years of age 2) Histological results confirming GBM are available 3) Progressive GBM (≥ 25% increase in contrast enhanced tumor CSA compared to the nadir or smallest previous measured CSA) and/or recurrent GBM after conventional treatment, including surgery (biopsy or debulking surgery) and/or radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy 4) Pre-study MRIs used to determine current progression and/or recurrence of GBM are available to the Investigator and for independent confirmation of progression and/or recurrence 5) Patient is not considered a candidate for resection 6) If female of child-bearing potential, a reliable method of contraception must be combined with a negative pregnancy test before entering the study (female patients must be willing to use contraception for 2 months after the last treatment with TransMID™). Male patients must be willing to use a barrier method of contraception for up to 2 months after the last treatment with TransMID™ 7) Able and willing to follow instructions and comply with the protocol 8) Provide written informed consent prior to participation in the study 9) Karnofsky Performance Scale Score 70-100 10) Tumor characteristics: i) must be unifocal; and ii) must be unilateral and supratentorial; and iii) lesion must have a diameter (on contrast-enhanced MRI) ≥1.0 cm and ≤4.0 cm Exclusion Criteria: 1) Anticipated life expectancy of less than 3 months 2 Infratentorial or intraventricular tumors 3) Presence of satellite tumors 4) Chemotherapy within 30 days prior to study entry or nitrosoureas or Mitomycin-C containing therapy within 42 days prior to study entry 5) External Beam irradiation within 60 days prior to study entry or stereotactic (gamma knife) radiosurgery within 90 days prior to study entry 6) Tumor surgery, tumor debulking or other neurosurgery within 5 days prior to study entry 7) Previous administration of TransMID™ 8) Previous enrollment in this study 9) Regional therapy including administration of biodegradable polymer wafers containing carmustine within 90 days prior to study entry or brachytherapy within 12 calendar months prior to study entry 10) Significant liver function impairment - AST or ALT \> 2 times the upper limit of normal, total bilirubin \> upper limit of normal 11) Hepatitis B surface antigen positive or positive Anti-Hepatitis C antibodies, or previous history of infectious Hepatitis (except previous Hepatitis A infection) 12) Significant renal impairment (serum creatinine \> 1.7 mg/dL or 150 µmol/L) 13) Coagulopathy (prothrombin time \[PT\] or activated partial thromboplastin time \[APTT\] \>1.5 times control) 14) Thrombocytopenia (platelet count \< 100 x 103/μL or 100 x 109/L) 15) Granulocytopenia (absolute neutrophil count (ANC), \< 1 x 103/μL or 1.0 x 109/L) 16) Severe acute infection 17) Medical condition that is considered an unacceptable anesthetic risk 18) Evidence of a mass effect on CT or MRI with more than a 5 mm midline shift and/or nausea, vomiting, reduced level of consciousness or clinically significant papilledema 19) Nursing or pregnant females. A pregnancy test will be performed on all females who are of child-bearing potential 20) Use of any investigational product and/or participation in another clinical research study within the last 30 days prior to study entry