A Phase I Study of Clofarabine & Cytosine Arabinoside Therapy for Older Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia
clofarabine
+ Ara-C
Hematologic Diseases+4
+ Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases
+ Leukemia
Treatment Study
Summary
Study start date: January 1, 2004
Actual date on which the first participant was enrolled.This phase I/II trial will include an initial dose escalation of clofarabine with a fixed standard dose of Ara-C in phase I to determine the 'optimal phase II dose'. Patients will be enrolled into phase I in cohorts of 3-6 beginning at Dose Level I of clofarabine (30 mg/m2/day, days 2-6). If 0/3 or 1/6 patients experience dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), clofarabine will be escalated to Dose Level II (40mg/m2/day, days 2-6). If >1/3 or ≥2/6 patients experience DLT on Dose Level II, then Dose Level I will be declared the optimal phase II dose. However, if 0/3 or 1/6 patients experience DLT on Dose Level II, then Dose Level II will be declared the optimal phase II dose. In the event that ≥2 patients experience DLT at Dose Level I, clofarabine will be dose reduced to Dose Level -I (22.5mg/m2/day, days 2-6). Accrual will continue in cohorts of 3-6 patients, in a phase I fashion. If 0/3 or 1/6 patients experience DLT, then Dose Level -I will be declared the 'optimal phase II dose'. In the event that ≥2 patients experience DLT at Dose Level -I, clofarabine will be further dose reduced to Dose Level -II (15mg/m2/day, days 2-6). Accrual will again proceed in cohorts of 3-6 patients. If 0/3 or 1/6 experience DLT, then Dose Level -II will be declared the 'optimal phase II dose'. In the event that ≥2 patients experience DLT at Dose Level -II, accrual to the protocol will be halted. Enrollment will proceed at the optimal phase II dose in a Simon 2-stage design to determine the CR rate and treatment-related mortality initially in 16 patients; if the CR rate and TRM is acceptable , then enrollment will continue to approximately 46 patients or until complete. Induction Therapy (cycle 1) * 7 day cycle Day 1 Aggressive Hydration x12-24hrs, followed by Ara-C 100mg/m2/day by 24hr IV continuous infusion days 1-7 * PK analysis Ara-C alone on Day 1 (plasma \& intracellular) Day 2 Dexamethasone 10mg IV QD prior to clofarabine days 2-6 Clofarabine 2 hour daily infusion days 2-6 * PK analysis of Ara-C \& clofarabine on Day 2 * Bone Marrow Apoptosis analysis (plasma \& intracellular) Day 3 \*Bone Marrow Apoptosis analysis (plasma \& intracellular) Day 6 \*PK analysis of Ara-C and clofarabine (plasma only) (UAB only) Day 8 Initiation of prophylactic antibiotic, antifungal \& antiviral therapy Day 15 \*QOL analysis Day 15-22 Restaging BM Re-Induction if appropriate (see below) Day 16 GM-CSF 250μg/m2 daily until ANC >1,500/μl (if D15 BM aplasia, no residual AML) Day 28-49 Outcome BM, assessment of response Re-Induction (PR) or Post-Remission therapy (CR) * QOL analysis 2 weeks after hospital discharge (approximately Day 42) Re-Induction (cycle 2 if appropriate) (if Partial Remission after Induction, day 15-49) \*5 day cycle Aggressive Hydration x12-24hrs Day 1 Dexamethasone 10mg IV QD days 1-5 Day 1 Clofarabine 2 hour daily infusion days 1-5 Day 1 Ara-C 100mg/m2/day days 1-5 (begin 4 hours after end of clofarabine infusion) Day 7 GM-CSF 250μg/m2 daily may be used until recovery ANC >1,500/μl Day 7 Initiation of prophylactic antibiotic, antifungal \& antiviral therapy Post-Remission Therapy (cycles 2 \& 3 if appropriate) (if Complete Remission after Induction; must have ANC>1,000/μl , platelets >100/μl) \*5 day cycle Aggressive Hydration x12-24hrs Day 1 Dexamethasone 10mg IV QD days 1-5 Day 1 Clofarabine 2 hour daily infusion days 1-5 Day 1 Ara-C 100mg/m2/day days 1-5 (begin 4 hours after end of clofarabine infusion) Day 7 GM-CSF 250μg/m2 daily may be used until recovery ANC >1,500/μl Day 7 Initiation of prophylactic antibiotic, antifungal \& antiviral therapy Follow-up Monthly x 12 months 3-monthly x 2 years 4-monthly x 1 year 6-monthly x 1 year Annually thereafter
Protocol
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.23 patients to be enrolled
Total number of participants that the clinical trial aims to recruit.Treatment Study
Eligibility
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria: person's general health condition or prior treatments.Any sex
Biological sex of participants that are eligible to enroll.Over 60 Years
Range of ages for which participants are eligible to join.Healthy volunteers not allowed
If individuals who are healthy and do not have the condition being studied can participate.Conditions
Pathology
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * Have newly diagnosed AML (FAB classification types M0-M2 or M4-M7 or WHO classification) excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) or AML with any of the following chromosomal translocations: t(15;17)(q22;q21); t(11;17)(q23;q21); t(11;17)(q13;q21); t(5;17)(q32;q12).. * Have greater than or equal to 20% blasts in the bone marrow. * Have greater than or equal to 20% cellularity in the bone marrow. * Provide written informed consent. * Must be 60-75 years of age at diagnosis. * Have an Karnofsky performance status of ≥60. * Women of childbearing potential (\<1 year post-menopausal unless surgically sterilized) and sexually active males must have a negative urine pregnancy test, and agree to use an effective barrier method of birth control (i.e. latex condom, diaphragm, cervical cap, etc) to avoid pregnancy. * Able to comply with study procedures and follow-up examinations. * Have adequate organ function as indicated by the following laboratory values, obtained within 7 days prior to registration: Parameter Required Value (IS units) Renal Serum creatinine \<1.1 mg/dL Hepatic Serum bilirubin \<2 x ULN AST and ALT ≤5 x ULN ULN = Institutional Upper Limit of Normal. Inclusion Laboratory Values Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with pre-existing myelodysplastic syndrome, or with antecedent hematologic disorder of \>3 months duration, will be excluded. Those with concomitant myelodysplasia/trilineage dysplasia noted at the time of diagnosis of AML will be eligible 74 * Have secondary AML (AML following chemotherapy or radiation therapy). * Have an active, uncontrolled systemic infection considered opportunistic, life threatening, or clinically significant at the time of treatment. * Have a psychiatric disorder(s) that would interfere with consent, study participation or follow-up. * Are receiving other chemotherapy or corticosteroids (unless the latter is administered at a low dose for pre-medication purposes or for the treatment of chronic conditions - e.g., rheumatoid arthritis). * Have received prior treatment for leukemia. Patients who have received growth factors, cytokine support, leukapheresis, hydroxyurea, or cranial irradiation will be allowed but must discontinue treatment at least 24 hours prior to beginning treatment with clofarabine. If used, hydroxyurea must be discontinued 48 hours prior to the initiation of chemotherapy. * Have any other severe concurrent disease (severe coronary artery disease (NYHA class \>II), significant neurological disorder, uncontrolled diabetes, etc.), which, in the judgment of the investigator, would make the patient inappropriate for entry into this study. * Have active central nervous system involvement with leukemia. * Other malignancy within the past year, with the exception of basal cell or non-metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
Study Plan
Find out more about all the medication administered in this study, their detailed description and what they involve.One single intervention group is designated in this study
This study does not include a placebo group
Treatment Groups
Group I
Study Objectives
Primary Objectives
Secondary Objectives
Study Centers
These are the hospitals, clinics, or research facilities where the trial is being conducted. You can find the location closest to you and its status.This study has 3 locations
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Birmingham, United StatesOpen University of Alabama at Birmingham in Google MapsThe University of Nebraska
Omaha, United StatesThe Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Cleveland, United States