A Randomized Phase III Multicenter Trial of Neoadjuvant Docetaxel (Taxotere) Plus Cisplatin Plus 5-Fluorouracil Versus Neoadjuvant Cisplatin Plus 5-Fluorouracil in Patients With Locally Advanced Inoperable Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Study start date: April 1, 1999

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Histologically or cytologically proven locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck Stage III or IV without distant metastases Unresectable Primary tumor sites: Oral cavity Oropharynx Hypopharynx Larynx Must have at least one measurable lesion PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age: 18 to 70 Performance status: WHO 0-1 Life expectancy: Not specified Hematopoietic: Absolute neutrophil count at least 2,000/mm3 Platelet count at least 100,000/mm3 Hemoglobin at least 10 g/dL Hepatic: Bilirubin no greater than upper limit of normal (ULN) SGOT and SGPT no greater than 2.5 times ULN Alkaline phosphatase no greater than 5 times ULN No SGOT and SGPT greater than 1.5 times ULN AND alkaline phosphatase greater than 2.5 times ULN Renal: Creatinine no greater than 1.4 mg/dL OR Creatinine clearance at least 60 mL/min Cardiovascular: At least 6 months since prior myocardial infarction No unstable, treated cardiac disease Pulmonary: At least one year since prior hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Neurologic: No neurologic or psychiatric disorders (e.g., dementia or seizures) No concurrent peripheral neuropathy greater than grade 1 Other: No active uncontrolled infection No active peptic ulcer No alteration in hearing At least 5 years since any other neoplastic disease except curatively treated basal or squamous cell skin cancer, carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or other cancer curatively treated by surgery Not pregnant or nursing Fertile patients must use effective contraception No other psychological, familial, sociological, or geographical condition that would prevent compliance PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: Biologic therapy: No primary prophylactic colony stimulating factors during the first course of therapy Chemotherapy: No prior or concurrent chemotherapy Endocrine therapy: At least 3 weeks since prior corticosteroid No chronic corticosteroid therapy (greater than 3 months) Radiotherapy: No prior radiotherapy Surgery: No prior surgery for this cancer Other: At least 30 days since prior treatment in a clinical trial No concurrent use of drugs that interact with fluorouracil (e.g., cimetidine, allopurinol, folic acid or leucovorin calcium) No other concurrent investigational drugs or anticancer treatment