Phase III Trial Comparing a 28 Day Schedule of Daily Oral 5-FU Plus Eniluracil to Protracted Intravenous Infusion in Previously Untreated Patients With Advanced Colorectal Cancer

Study start date: April 1, 1999

Inclusion Criteria: Patients with measurable or nonmeasurable histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum are eligible provided patient has metastatic, recurrent or residual disease, and tumor is beyond hope of surgical eradication; all pre-study scans documenting disease must be done =< 4 weeks prior to randomization Measurable tumor is defined as a known mass that can be clearly measured in two dimensions by physical examination, CT scan, radionuclide liver scan, or on chest x-ray by a ruler or calipers; the largest diameter of the lesion must measure >= 2 cm by at least one method of evaluation Patients must have had no prior therapy for advanced disease Patients may have had prior adjuvant treatment with 5-FU provided that the last dose was received > 12 months prior to entering the study; no prior chemotherapy other than adjuvant 5-FU is allowed Patients with prior radiotherapy are acceptable, but patients should have measurable or nonmeasurable disease outside the radiation port and/or progressive disease within the previously radiated volume; in addition, it must be at least 2 weeks since administration of radiation therapy and all signs of toxicity must have abated Bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) SGOT =< 3 x ULN Because Eniluracil changes the metabolism of 5-FU such that it is excreted primarily by the kidneys, an estimated creatinine clearance calculated using the Cockcroft and Gault formula must be obtained in patients with a serum creatinine > institutional normal limits; the estimated creatinine clearance must be >= 50 ml/min prior to starting treatment with Eniluracil/5-FU; if not, a measured creatinine clearance must be done (using a 24 hour urine collection); the measured creatinine clearance must be > 50 ml/min for the patient to be eligible Absolute neutrophil count >= 2000 mm³ Platelet count >= 100,000 mm³ ECOG performance status 0-2 No evidence of significant active infection (e.g., pneumonia, peritonitis, wound abscess, etc.) at time of study entry No evidence of serious intercurrent illness such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, malabsorption syndrome or heart failure No prior neoplastic diseases (within 5 years) aside from the current malignancy or curatively resected melanoma, skin cancer or cervical carcinoma in situ No treatment with folinic acid, interferon, flucytosine or topical 5-FU within the previous 14 days Not pregnant or lactating; pregnant and lactating women are excluded from the study because effects on the fetus are unknown and there may be a risk of increased fetal wastage Women of childbearing potential and sexually active males are strongly advised to use an accepted and effective method of contraception