Completed

Role of Metabolites in Nicotine Dependence (1)

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What is being tested

Data Collection

Who is being recruted

Mental Disorders+1

+ Tobacco Use Disorder

+ Substance-Related Disorders

From 21 to 45 Years
See all eligibility criteria
How is the trial designed

Treatment Study

Phase 2
Interventional
Study Start: February 1995
See protocol details

Summary

Principal SponsorNational Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Last updated: January 27, 2026
Sourced from a government-validated database.Claim as a partner

Study start date: February 1, 1995

Actual date on which the first participant was enrolled.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a metabolite of nicotine, cotinine, on tobacco withdrawal symptoms. Cotinine has been shown to have psychoactive effects that are similar as well as different from those of nicotine, however, little research has been conducted examining the role cotinine plays in nicotine addiction. This study compared the effects of cotinine with the nicotine patch, and a combination thereof on tobacco withdrawal symptoms. The results showed that cotinine antagonizes the beneficial effects of the nicotine patch in reducing withdrawal symptoms.

Official TitleRole of Metabolites in Nicotine Dependence (1)
NCT00000284
Principal SponsorNational Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Last updated: January 27, 2026
Sourced from a government-validated database.Claim as a partner

Protocol

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

Treatment Study

These studies test new ways to treat a disease, condition, or health issue. The goal is to see if a new drug, therapy, or approach works better or has fewer side effects than existing options.

Eligibility

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria: person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Conditions
Criteria

Any sex

Biological sex of participants that are eligible to enroll.

From 21 to 45 Years

Range of ages for which participants are eligible to join.

Healthy volunteers not allowed

If individuals who are healthy and do not have the condition being studied can participate.

Conditions

Pathology

Mental DisordersTobacco Use DisorderSubstance-Related DisordersChemically-Induced Disorders

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria: Male or female subjects, aged 21-45 yrs inclusive, with a smoking history of at least 1 pack of cigarettes daily for at least 1 year. Subject must be in good health as verified by medical history, screening exam, and screening laboratory tests. Subject must provide written informed consent to participate in the study and be motivated to stop smoking for a short term. Exclusion Criteria: History of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, sustained or episodic cardiac arrhythmias, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, peptic ulcer disease or any other medical condition which the physician or investigator deems inappropriate for participation, insulin-dependent diabetes; pregnant or lactating or not using adequate birth control methods; requirement of any form of regular psychotropic medication (antidepressants, antipsychotics, or anxiolytics) and recent psychiatric history; chronic use of systemic steroids or antihistamines; skin sensitivity which would preclude use of a transdermal system; abuse of alcohol or any other recreational or prescription drug; use of any other tobacco products, including smokeless tobacco and nicotine products; previous use of transdermal nicotine system; inability to fulfill all scheduled visits and examination procedures throughout the study period.

Study Plan

Find out more about all the medication administered in this study, their detailed description and what they involve.
Study Objectives

Study Objectives

Primary Objectives

Study Centers

These are the hospitals, clinics, or research facilities where the trial is being conducted. You can find the location closest to you and its status.

This study has 1 location

Suspended

University of Minnesota

Minneapolis, United StatesOpen University of Minnesota in Google Maps
CompletedOne Study Center