Childhood Onset Psychotic Disorders: Characterization and Treatment With Atypical Neuroleptics

Date de début de l'étude : 1 juin 1997

INCLUSION CRITERIA: Males and females, age 7 to 18 years Onset of psychotic symptoms before 13th birthday and a DSM-IV diagnosis of either schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, MDI syndrome, or psychosis NOS (not otherwise specified). Current significant impairment due to the illness (current psychotic symptoms, decline of functioning academically and socially, significant discomfort due to psychotic symptoms). Failure of two prior trials with antipsychotic medications (either typical or atypical) used at adequate doses (greater than or equal to 100 mg/day in chlorpromazine equivalents) and for adequate duration (at least 4 weeks, unless terminated due to intolerable side effects). Failure is defined as either insufficient response with persistence of symptoms significantly impairing child's functioning, according to child's and parental reports and medical and school records, or intolerable side effects to drugs other than clozapine and olanzapine. Subjects may be included if their previous trial(s) of olanzapine failed to reach the dose of 20. mg/day or a duration of fewer than four weeks. Subjects may be included if their previous trial(s) of clozapine failed to reach the dose of 200. mg/day or a duration of fewer than six weeks. Comorbid psychiatric disorders in the past 12 months are permitted as long as not clinically significant. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Prepsychotic full-scale IQ less than 70. Unstable major neurological or medical conditions. Current pregnancy or plan to become pregnant during the first three months (the duration of the study) in woman of childbearing age; breast-feeding in woman with infants. DSM-IV substance abuse or dependence in the past 6 months. True non-responders to either olanzapine or clozapine. True non-response is defined as: a) intolerance to either of the medications preventing an adequate trial, or b) only minimal (less than 20%) benefit with the adequate trial of either of the medications. Adequate trial constitutes at least 8 weeks of the medication with the dose of 20 mg on olanzapine or 200 mg of clozapine.