A Phase I Study of 1,25 Dihydroxy-Vitamin D3 (Calcitriol) in Patients With Prostate Cancer

Study start date: October 1, 1999

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Histologically confirmed prior localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate that has undergone definitive radiation or surgery and demonstrates progression biochemically with all of the following: Baseline PSA at least 4 ng/mL At least a 50% increase in PSA over at least 3 determinations taken at more than 2 week intervals No radiographically evident disease Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy prior to radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy allowed Treatment in an intermittent approach allowed if off therapy for at least 12 weeks OR Histologically confirmed androgen-independent adenocarcinoma of the prostate with all of the following: Progression on primary hormonal treatment (e.g., orchiectomy, estrogen therapy, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog with or without an antiandrogen) with either new osseous lesions in bone, a greater than 25% increase in bidimensionally measurable tumor mass, or rising PSA values (rising PSA on any 3 determinations taken at at least weekly intervals, to greater than 50% above baseline PSA) despite castrate levels of testosterone (no greater than 30 ng/mL) If receiving antiandrogen as part of primary hormonal therapy, must meet criteria above for progression after discontinuation of antiandrogen No change in hormonal therapy (including prednisone or dexamethasone) within the past 2 weeks If no prior surgical orchiectomy, must continue on medical therapies to maintain castrate levels of testosterone Prior chemotherapy, palliative radiotherapy, or radioisotope treatment allowed PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age: 18 and over Performance status: Karnofsky 70-100% Life expectancy: At least 3 months Hematopoietic: WBC at least 3,500/mm^3 Platelet count at least 100,000/mm^3 Hepatic: Bilirubin less than 2.0 mg/dL OR SGOT less than 3 times upper limit of normal Renal: Creatinine less than 1.5 mg/dL OR Creatinine clearance at least 60 mL/min No history of nephrolithiasis Must have 2 functioning kidneys Cardiovascular: No New York Heart Association class III or IV heart disease Pulmonary: No severe debilitating pulmonary disease Metabolic: No pre-existing endocrine or metabolic disorders that impact calcium regulatory axis including hypercalcemia (ionized serum calcium greater than 5.3 mg/dL or total calcium greater than 10.5 mg/dL) or hypercalciuria (greater than 300 mg urinary calcium/24 hours) Other: No active secondary malignancy except nonmelanoma skin cancer Must maintain low calcium diet (less than 800 mg calcium daily) No uncontrolled serious active infection No history of malabsorption disorders No history of inflammatory bowel disease PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: Biologic therapy: Not specified Chemotherapy: See Disease Characteristics At least 4 weeks since prior chemotherapy and recovered No concurrent chemotherapy Endocrine therapy: See Disease Characteristics Recovered from prior endocrine therapy Radiotherapy: See Disease Characteristics At least 4 weeks since prior radiotherapy and recovered No concurrent radiotherapy to sole measurable lesion Surgery: See Disease Characteristics Recovered from prior surgery No concurrent surgery to sole measurable lesion Other: No other concurrent cholecalciferol