A Prospective Study of Long-Term Clinical, Virologic, and Immunologic Outcomes in HIV-Infected Individuals

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) often results in short-term benefits for people with HIV in terms of reduced plasma viral levels and increased CD4 cell counts. When used at an early stage of HIV disease, however, the clinical benefit of HAART is uncertain. Many questions still remain regarding the optimal use of antiretroviral therapies, such as the timing of initial antiretroviral therapy and the composition of the best combination regimen to use initially or after virologic failure. Randomized trials of different starting antiretroviral regimens (e.g., FIRST [CPCRA 058]), different regimens after initial virologic failure (e.g., PIP [CPCRA 057]), and different management strategies for HIV infection (e.g., bis-POM [CPCRA 039], NvR [CPCRA 042], GART [CPCRA 046], and IL-2 VL/Dose [CPCRA 059] are being conducted by the CPCRA. [AS PER AMENDMENT 2/28/01: The MDR-HIV (CPCRA 064) protocol is now included as an example of a different management strategy for HIV infection, whereas the bis-POM (CPCRA 039) protocol is no longer included.] This study provides a mechanism for long-term monitoring of patients enrolled in these trials as well as antiretroviral-naive patients who are either starting treatment or electing to defer treatment. Patients are divided into 3 groups. Group A consists of patients currently enrolled in or currently being followed in an ongoing qualifying study (see Purpose for CPCRA trials which qualify). Group B consists of patients previously enrolled in but not currently being followed in a qualifying study. Group C consists of antiretroviral-naive patients not enrolling in a qualifying study (i.e., patients starting treatment outside the FIRST study or patients deferring treatment). Patients in Group A undergo monitoring of selected clinical and laboratory parameters (including plasma HIV RNA levels and CD4 cell counts) once every 4 weeks beginning after completion of all follow-up appointments for all other protocols in which they were enrolled. Patients in Groups B and C undergo monitoring of selected clinical and laboratory parameters (including plasma HIV RNA levels and CD4 cell counts) once every 4 months. Patients are followed for at least 5 years. [AS PER AMENDMENT 2/28/01: Patients who are not being followed in a qualifying protocol and are antiretroviral naive at enrollment or were previously enrolled in the FIRST (CPCRA 058) protocol undergo blood draws at enrollment and then annually for measurement of plasma HIV levels by a CPCRA-approved laboratory and future CPCRA-approved, HIV-related research. Patients who relocate to a non-CPCRA affiliated site are asked to sign a consent for ongoing release (every 4 months) of their medical records from their new health care provider to the CPCRA.]