Safety and Efficacy of Zidovudine for Asymptomatic HIV-Infected Individuals

To determine if treatment with zidovudine (AZT) will delay or prevent the onset of AIDS or AIDS related complex (ARC) in individuals infected with HIV but who do not have symptoms of AIDS or ARC. Also, to compare the dose of AZT found to be useful in AIDS and severe ARC with a lower dose to see if side effects can be reduced. Results from several studies show that a high percentage of people infected with HIV will eventually develop AIDS or ARC unless an effective treatment is found. Because AZT is known to prolong survival in patients with AIDS or severe ARC and has acceptable toxicity in advanced disease, it is reasonable to try it in less advanced cases. Results from several studies show that a high percentage of people infected with HIV will eventually develop AIDS or ARC unless an effective treatment is found. Because AZT is known to prolong survival in patients with AIDS or severe ARC and has acceptable toxicity in advanced disease, it is reasonable to try it in less advanced cases. Patients entered in the study are randomly assigned to one of two doses of AZT or to placebo (inactive medication). Patients take 3 capsules 5 times a day (every 4 hours from 8 am until 12 pm). The capsules contain either AZT or placebo and are identical in appearance so that neither patient nor physician knows which treatment the patient is receiving. The higher dose corresponds to the dose found to be useful in patients with AIDS or severe ARC. Patients visit the clinic every 2 weeks for the first 16 weeks, then once a month after that for evaluation. Treatment will continue until the results from the study have been analyzed, which could be as long as 3 years. If side effects occur, the dose of study medication will be decreased or temporarily stopped. If the side effects are severe, then study medication will be stopped permanently. AMENDED: Effective with Version 4 (900226), dosing for ALL patients on Phase 2 study drug, regardless of CD4+ substudy, will proceed as open-label AZT. Original treatment assignments employed in the > 500 cells/mm3 substudy during the period from August 16, 1989 through the release of this new version. Also, toxicity management and dose modification of AZT for patients receiving Phase 2 study drug have been changed.