Immune priming of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) has been most successfully achieved with live attenuated virus or live virus vector vaccines. Recombinant canarypox vaccines have an excellent safety record and have induced HIV neutralizing antibodies and CTLs in early clinical trials. This study will evaluate the use of HIV lipopeptides (LIPO-5) alone and in combination with a canarypox-based HIV vaccine \[ALVAC-HIV (vCP1452)\] to further increase CTL activity. Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to one of five groups. Participants in Groups A and B will receive four injections over 6 months. Participants in Group A will receive four injections of either LIPO-5 or a placebo. Participants in Group B will receive four injections of either the ALVAC-HIV (vCP1452) or a placebo. Participants in Groups C, D, and E will receive six injections over 6 months. Participants in these groups will receive either ALVAC-HIV (vCP1452) and LIPO-5 or a placebo. Participants who receive the vaccine combination will receive four injections of the same dose of ALVAC-HIV (vCP1452) and two injections of LIPO-5. The dose of LIPO-5 will be different for participants in Groups C, D, and E. Participants will have 11 study visits over 18 months; the total duration of the study will be 30 months. The length of visits will vary and may last up to 3 hours. Study visits will include a medical interview, brief physical exam, and blood and urine tests. Participants will be tested for HIV before entering the study and at least five times during the study. All vaccine and placebo injections will be given in the upper arm muscle.
Inclusion Criteria: * HIV uninfected * Willing to receive HIV test results * Good general health * Acceptable methods of contraception for females of reproductive potential * Access to participating site and available for follow-up during the study Exclusion Criteria: * HIV vaccines or placebos in prior HIV vaccine trial * Immunosuppressive medications within 168 days prior to first study vaccine administration * Blood products within 120 days prior to first study vaccine administration * Immunoglobulin within 60 days prior to first study vaccine administration * Live attenuated vaccines within 30 days prior to first study vaccine administration * Investigational research agents within 30 days prior to first study vaccine administration * Subunit or killed vaccines within 14 days prior to first study vaccine administration * Current tuberculosis prophylaxis or therapy * Hypersensitivity to neomycin or egg products * Uveitis, chronic Lyme disease, active mycobacterial diseases, or sarcoidosis * Serious adverse reaction to a vaccine. A person who had an adverse reaction to pertussis vaccine as a child is not excluded. * Autoimmune disease or immunodeficiency * Active syphilis * Unstable asthma * Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus * Thyroid disease requiring treatment in the past 12 months * Serious angioedema within the past 3 years * Uncontrolled hypertension * Bleeding disorder * Malignancy unless it has been surgically removed and, in the opinion of the investigator, is not likely to recur during the study period * Seizure disorder requiring medication within the past 3 years * Asplenia * Mental illness that would interfere with compliance with the protocol * Other conditions that, in the judgment of the investigator, would interfere with the study * Pregnant or breast-feeding
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