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PRIMARY: To determine the effect of 8 weeks of zidovudine (AZT) treatment on the HIV-1 burden in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue in HIV-1-infected, AZT-naive patients with CD4+ T lymphocyte counts between 100 and 500 cells/mm3. SECONDARY: To determine the extent to which apoptosis (programmed cell death) occurs in these patients. In previous trials of AZT treatment in HIV-infected patients, an antiviral effect has been clearly demonstrated by quantitative measurement of virus in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, the lymphoid tissues appear to be a major reservoir for HIV-1 and a major site of virus replication in HIV-infected persons. Further data is needed to assess the effect of treatment on viral burden and HIV-1 replication in lymphoid tissue. In previous trials of AZT treatment in HIV-infected patients, an antiviral effect has been clearly demonstrated by quantitative measurement of virus in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, the lymphoid tissues appear to be a major reservoir for HIV-1 and a major site of virus replication in HIV-infected persons. Further data is needed to assess the effect of treatment on viral burden and HIV-1 replication in lymphoid tissue. Patients receive AZT daily for 8 weeks and are followed in clinic at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, and 14 (or possibly via telephone call at week 14). Patients undergo a lymph node biopsy at day 0 and week 8.
Inclusion Criteria Concurrent Medication: Allowed: * Prophylaxis against AIDS-related opportunistic infections. * Supportive therapies, such as medications for nausea, vomiting, anemia, and analgesia. Patients must have: * HIV infection. * CD4 count 100 - 500 cells/mm3. * At least two palpable lymph nodes. * Plasma viremia. * No CURRENT AIDS-defining conditions. * No prior antiretroviral treatment. Exclusion Criteria Concurrent Medication: Excluded during the first 8 weeks of study: * Other antiretroviral agents. * Steroids. * Interleukins. * Interferons. * Cytotoxic chemotherapy. Prior Medication: Excluded: * Prior antiretroviral therapy. * Prior cytotoxic chemotherapy. * Acute therapy for an infection or another medical illness within 14 days prior to study entry.