Density of Neurons in the Stomach and Prognosis of Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Preclinical studies at our institution, based on a genetic mouse model of stomach cancer, strongly suggest that innervation of the stomach wall is deeply involved in tumorigenesis of stomach cancer. The data indicate that denervation of the stomach either by vagotomy or by injection of botulinum toxin (Botox®)in the stomach wall inhibits the development of cancer as well as reduces already established tumor volume in the stomach in this mouse model. Gene expression data indicate that vagotomy suppresses protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5). The expression of PGP9.5 is highly specific for the density of neurons and the diffuse neuroendocrine system. The investigators will take biopsies from tumors and adjacent normal mucosa either by means of endoscopy and/or from operative specimens from participants treated or evaluated for stomach cancer at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital. The biopsies will be evaluated with immunohistochemistry and gene expression studies for the presence and density of PGP9.5. These data will be correlated to stage evaluation (TNM) and survival.