The Effects of the Hopeful Outdoor Parkinson Exercise (HOPE) Program on Improving Balance, Gait and Functional Performance in Parkinsonian Non-fallers and Single Fallers - a Randomized Controlled Trial With 12-month Follow-up

an 8-week blended indoor-outdoor exercise program

an 8-week upper limb and hand exercise program

Changes from baseline Balance Systems Evaluation Test total and subsection scores at post 4-week training, post 8-week training, 6- and 12-month follow-ups

Changes from baseline comfortable gait speed at post 4-week training, post 8-week training, 6- and 12-month follow-ups

Changes from baseline dual task timed-up-and-go time at post 4-week training, post 8-week training, 6- and 12-month follow-ups

Changes from baseline timed-up-and-go time at post 4-week training, post 8-week training, 6- and 12-month follow-ups

Changes from baseline five-times-sit-to-stand time at post 4-week training, post 8-week training, 6- and 12-month follow-ups

Changes from baseline one-leg stance time at post 4-week training, post 8-week training, 6- and 12-month follow-ups

Changes from baseline Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale at post 4-week training, post 8-week training, 6- and 12-month follow-ups

Changes from baseline Parkinson's disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) at post 4-week training, post 8-week training, 6- and 12-month follow-ups